Crude-hydrocarbon burner



PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

' A. 0. RUSH.

CRUDE HYDROGARBON BURNER.

. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3. 1902.

, N0 MODEL.

UNITE STATES Patented February 16,1904.

PATENT ()FFICE.

i "AL N R H. OF LosANGELEs, CALIFORNIA.

JCRUDE-HYDFIOCVABBON BURNER.

srncrrronrroiv forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,593, dated. February 16, 19o4.

Application filed J 1111s 3, 1902. Serial No. 110,102. (No model.)

To all whom it may concernu.

Be it known that I, ALLAN O. RUsH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los-Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Crude-Hydrocarbon Burner, of which the T01 lowing is a'specification.

An object of this invention is to provide a:

hydrocarbon-burner which is readily adapted for producing a flat flame of greater or less width and power, as may be desired, and

which is capable of great variation from very In thisconnection several forms of one of the parts of the burner large to very small power.

may be supplied from which the installer or operator may select thepart adapted to produce the width and power of flame which the burner will be required to supply.

This invention is adapted to use an expansive fluid, as compressed air or steam, for the purpose of atomizing the liquid fuel, as oil, with which the burner is supplied. 1

An object of the invention is to provide means whereby the amount of steam or compressed air emitted may be regulated by increasing the thickness of the steam-jet, as well as by increasing the width thereof.

A further object is to provide a burner which is adapted to furnish a circular sheet of flame and is also adapted to be readily arranged to project the flame from one side only in a sheet of determined width, which -may be of greater or less extent, according channel is unobstructed a circular flame'may be produced, and by temporarily closing a portion of the channel a fan-shaped blaze may be produced for the time being.

'of Fig. I, omitting the atomizer.

This I accomplish by providvide a hydrocarbon-burner of very simple construction and which can be made of great or small size with but little expense and which will economically and effectively burn crude hydrocarbon and also refined hydrocarbon.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure I is a side elevation of a burner embodying the invention set up ready for operation. Fig. II is an elevation from the right Fig. III is a plan of Fig. I. Fig. IV is a perspective view of the atomizer. Fig. Vis a plan view of the same. Fig. VI is a section on line VI VI, Fig. V. Fig. VII is a perspective View of the body of the atomizer, omitting the removable parts. Fig. VIII is a plan view showing the parts arranged to direct a flame at right angles to the direction which will be given to the flame by the appliance when the parts are arranged as shown in Figs. I to VI. Fig. IX is an inverted perspective view of the flame director or segmental piece shown in the preceding views. Figs. X and XI are plan views showing flame-director pieces of different constructions on the body of the atomizer, the means for holding said pieces being omitted from these views for clearness of illustration. Fig. XlI is an inverted plan of the steam or air deflector.

Fig. XIII is a detail of a joint in the atomizerpipes. I

1 designates the atomizer-body, supplied with oil through a pipe 2 and with steam or compressed air through a pipe 3.

4 designates a valve controlling the oil-pipe 2, and 5 a valve controlling the steam-pipe 3.

6 and 7 are levers operating the oil-valve 4:

and the steam-valve 5, respectively.

8 and 9 are indicators over which the levers 6 and 7 play, respectively, to indicate the degreeto which the valve is open.

10 is a ratchet or clamp for holding one of the levers in a determined position.

11 and 12 are blocks adjustably mounted on 17 is an adjusting-nut screwed on the right and left threads of the rods 13 and 14 to form an adjustable adjusting connection between the levers (Sand 7, by means of which when one of the levers is moved the other lever may be correspondingly moved. The blocks 11 and 12 may be variously adjusted upon their levers 7 and 6, so that when one lever is adjusted the other lever will be adjusted in a determined ratio. By this means the relative amounts of steam and oil supplied to the atomizer may be accurately determined and maintained through various adjustments of the valves 4 and 5, or by adjusting the block 11 near to the fulcrum of valve-lever 7 and the block 12 farther from the fulcrum of valvelever 6 the oil may be increased and decreased in flow less rapidly than the steam, and a reverse adjustment may be made if it is desirable to increase or decrease the flow of steam less rapidly than the flow of oil.

The body 1 of the atomizer may be constructed of a member a, which may be an elbow or a T pipe-fitting, into one end of which the pipe 2 is screwed, and an end piece or plug 6 screwed into another end of the elbow or T member a and projecting a slight distance beyond the open end 0 of the member a, an annular channel (Z being provided between the plug and the rim or open end a of the member a and openings 6 being provided between the chamber f of said member and the channel d around the plug Z). The plug I) may be annular and screw-threaded internally and eX- ternally.

g is a screw-threaded hollow stem, closed at the top and having a chamber 70 at its lower end, the walls of which are perforated by perforations d, which open into an annular channel 1' within the plug 5 and around the stem g. Said stem 9 may extend down to form below the plug 6 a screw-threaded nipple 70, upon which an internal ,elbow m is screwed. The

. pipe 3 may extend through the pipe 2 and be screwed into the internal elbow m, thus making provision for supplying an expansive fluid, such as steam or air, to the annular channel j through the pipe 3, elbow m, stem 9, and perforations i, which are desirably below the top of the plug Z).

n designates a deflector above the channel j to deflect the fluid and direct it laterally over the mouth of the channel d, which serves as a cup to contain the liquid fuel, thereby causing the blast of steam, air, .or other expansible fluid to pick up the oil from the surface of the contents of the cup or channel (2 and blow it outand atomize the same and to thoroughly mix it with the external air before igniting. The deflector it may be a nut screwed on the screw-stem g. The lower portion of the nut n may be cylindrical, as shown at n, while the upper portion may be angular, as shown at 12 the angular portion being designed to aiford purchase for a wrench for turning the nut n on the stem 9 to adjust the width of the slot 0, through which the expansive fluid is to be emitted.

0 is the set-nut, screwed on the stem g against the deflector n to hold it in any determined position.

9 is a detached flame restrictor and director and power-equalizer, the same being a segmental piece adapted to fit upon the body a and furnished with a bead rto fit in the channel d to close a part of the upper portion thereof against the escape of oil and also to close the slot 0 to prevent the escape of the expansive fluid except at a determined place. The piece q may be in the form of the seg- 'ment of a ring, and the opening .9 thereof may be of any desired size, depending upon the width of the blaze and the power which is to be produced.

25 is a retainer for the detached piece g, the same consisting in an inverted-U-shaped perforated clip, the ends of which rest upon the piece q when the same is in place on the body 1.

u is a nut screwed on the stem g to clamp the retainer t firmly in place.

q, q, and g show, respectively, three different forms of the flame restrictor and director and power-controller, the diflerence consisting in the width and character of the openings .9, s, and s The under face of the deflector n is desirably dished, as shown at a, Fig. VI, the portion above the inner channel 'being provided with an annular chamber or channel and the outer portion of said under face being nearly flat, but slightly inclined outwardly, so that the steam or air will be forced out of the slot 0 under considerable pressure, as desired.

The rim 00f the bodyais desirably slightly lower than the face at 0 of the portion over which the expansible fluid passes between the two channels, so that the fluid passes over the rim 0 without being deflected upward thereby.

w and w designate unions or couplings in the pipes 2 and 3 for readily disconnecting the pipes in order to remove the atomizer of the apparatus. y designates handles for operating said unions or couplings.

18 is an opening closed by a plug 19, the removal of which gives access to the chamber f inside of the member a for the purpose of removing sediment which may accumulate from the oil.

I do not limit myself to the form of the body member a, which may be-a T or an elbow, and it is to be understood that the plugged opening 18 may be of any desired size relative to the other parts of the member a and may be located at any point desired or deemed most convenient or eflicient for cleaning the oil-passage. It may in some cases be advisable to make the opening 18 opposite the end in which the pipe 2 is screwed and to make IIO ' extent.

the plug as large in diameter as the pipe 2w that is to say, the size and location of the opening 18 may be determined as desired without departing from this invention.

It is to be understood that in practical operation the segmental piece q may be wholly omitted and the jet of steam and vaporized oil may be made to entirely surround the atomizer in a flat sheet. In such instances the portion of the pipes 2 and 3 leading to the atomizer will be of considerable length to allow the atomizer to be located at the center of the firebox. (Not shown.)

The amount of steam emitted through the orifice 0 will depend upon the lateral and vertical extent of said orifice. By the use of the segmental pieces this may be cut down fromj a circular orifice to any-sized orifice desired. 3

By the segmental piece 9 (shown in Fig. X) a wide fan-shaped blaze will be produced. The segmental piece q (shown in Figs. IV and V) will give a narrower'blaze, and the segmental piece (shown in Fig. XI) will give a still narrower blaze. By screwing the cap or deflector 12 down the thickness of the jet maybe brought to a minimum, and by screwing it up it may be increased to any desired The arms 25 of the retainer 6 may be rearwardly deflected, as indicated in Fig. IV, so as to rest upon the flame director and restrictor g, or g as the case may be.

20 designates a bead which hangs down around the body of the atomizer just below the rim, so that any oil which may flow from the channel d may drip from the bead and pass through the air and become mingled therewith for ready igniting in starting the burner into operation.

A convenient way of making the atomizer is to use an ordinary pipe-fitting, such as an elbow or T, and to screw the plug Z) into one end of it and then turn out the channel d, cutting away the screw-threads of the member a and apart of the plug. Then the holes 6 may bebored. The cavity and screw-threaded perforation may be formed at this time or before the plug is inserted. Then the elbow m may be inserted and the screw-stem g be inserted through the hole 21 and screwed into the elbow m and the pipes 2 and 3 screwed into place. The stem 9 may be turned smooth at the part 22, which-is in the channel 7' when the parts of the atomizer are assembled. Said stem is desirably furnished with a shoulder 23, which seats in the channel or cavity of the plug Z), and only that portion of the nipple in which projects below the bottom of the plug Z) is screw-threaded. The outer end of the stem 9 may be flattened, as shown in the several views, to allow the same to be readily turned by means of a wrench, so that when the inner elbow m is brought into position below the plug 6 and the nipple 7c is passed through said plug and screwed into the elbow it will draw the elbow tightly against the bot- ,the top of the plug 6, while the lower portion of the stem passes through said plug and screws intothe inner fitting m. The T-fitting z is large enough to allow it to turn freely around the fitting 177/, so that when the atomizer is assembled with its pipes 2 and 3 and the fitting m is in place the T .2 may be screwed onto the pipe 2 until the axis of its upper arm is in line with'the axis of the upper arm of the fitting m. Then the plug 6 will be screwed into place and the stem g inserted therethrough and screwed into the fitting m, thus drawing the shoulders 231 and the fitting m firmly against the plug 6 on the opposite sides thereof.

33 and 222 designate horizontal extensions of the pipes 3 and 2, respectively.

The outer wall of the channel d may slope inward, as shown, so that the channel tapers downwardly in cross-section, and the bead will be made to fit the same in order that when the segmental piece is in place it may tightly close the portion of said channel in which it is adjusted.

In practical operation the steam or compressed air will be supplied from any suitable source (not shown) and will be discharged across the liquid-supplying channel 0? by means of the plug, stem, and deflector, and the volume of flame and the direction thereof may be regulated to any required extent by appropriately adjusting the parts.

By arranging a plain flat face of considerable width between the annular channels and (Z and providing a dished deflector above the same terminating in a sharp edge above said face between said channels, the edge of which terminates in a plane close to said plain face 90, a narrow slot is provided and the expansive fluid is directed across the outer channel d in a plane parallel with the plane of the outer rim 0 of the outer channel. Said deflector n, being vertically adjustable on the screw-threaded stem enables the width of the slot to be adjusted and the jet to be directed in the required plane at all required adjustments.

By terminating the deflector between the expansive-fluid supply and the oil-channel the expansive fluid is allowed to begin to expand away from the face 90 before reaching the oil and avoids, excessive expansion of said fluid against the body of oil in the channel L, so that the effect is more to suck off the surface of the oil as it rises in said channel, thereby in a measure vaporizing the oil from the out set. The hollow stem g is radially perforated to communicate with the channel, as shown, so that the expansive fluid is directed against the walls of the channel and expands in the channel, thus to be distributed to the under dished faces of the deflector and thence to the outlet 0.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A body having in its top face two annular channels, means for supplying liquid fuel to the outer channel, means for supplying an expansive fluid to the inner channel, and a deflector above said inner channel to direct the expansive fluid across said outer channel; the under face of the deflector being dished above the inner channel and the edge of the deflector being arranged close above the top face of the body outside the inner channel and forming therewith a narrow slot.

2. A body having two annular channels, means for supplying liquid fuel to the outer channel, means for supplying an expansive fluid to the inner channel, a deflector above said inner channel to direct the expansive fluid across the outer channel, and a director arranged to close a portion of the outer channel to limit the space across which the expansive fluid will pass.

3. A body having two annular channels, means for supplying liquid fuel to the outer channel, means for supplying an expansive fluid to the inner channel, an adjustable director arranged to close a portion of the outer channel and to limit the space across which the expansive fluid will pass; and means'for holding the director in place.

1. A body having two annular channels and between said channels a flat face of considerable width, means for supplying liquid fuel to the outer channel, means for supplying an expansive fluid to the inner channel, and means above said inner channel extending across a portion of said flat face and terminating in a sharp edge close to said face to form therewith a narrow slot to direct the expansive fluid across said outer channel.

5. A burner comprising a body having an annular cup-forming channel the outer wall of which terminates in a plane surface, means for supplying liquid fuel to said channel and means for directing an expansive fluid outward, radially across said channel in a plane parallel to said terminal plane.

6. A burner comprising a body having an annular channel, means for supplying liquid fuel'to said channel, means for directing an annular jet of expansive fluid outward, radially across said channel and a member arranged to close a portion of said channel to regulate the space across which the expansive fluid may pass.

7 A body having an annular channel, means for supplying liquid fuel to said channel,means for directing an expansive fluid across said channel, a segmental member having a bead to fit a portion of said channel and to limit the space across which the expansive fluid may pass.

8. A body having an annular channel, means for supplying liquid fuel to said channel,means for directing an expansive fluid across said channel, a segmental member having a bead to fit a portion of said channel and to limit the space across which the expansive fluid may pass, and means for fastening said segmental piece in place.

9. A body having two annular channels, a hollow stem projecting upward therefrom and closed at the top and provided with openings leading into the inner channel, means for supplying liquid fuel to the outer channel, means for supplying an expansive fluid to the hollow stem, a deflector adjustably mounted on the hollow stem, a segmental member closing a portion of the outer channel, a retainer on said stem engaging said segmental member and a nut screwed on the stem and holding the retainer in place.

10. A body having an annular channel and a plane face outside said channel, and a hollow screw-threaded stem closed at the top and provided with openings leading into the channel, a dished deflector screwed on said stem above said channel and terminating above and close to said face, and a set-nut screwed on said stem, and engaging said deflector.

11. An atomizer comprising a hollow outer member, a plug in one end of the member arranged with a channel between the rim of said member and the plug, and a passage from the hollow member into said channel, a channel being provided in the plug; a hollow stem in the plug having an opening leading into said channel; a pipe connected with said hollow stem, and a dished deflector above the plug.

12. An atomizer provided with a channel,

ITO

means for supplying liquid fuel to the channel, an upright screw-threaded stem, a dished deflector screwed onto said stem, and means for supplying an expansive fluid between the dished face of the deflector andthe body of the atomizer, said deflector terminating between the expansive-fluid supply and said channel.

13. An atomizer-body having a channel in its top the outer wall of which is lower than the inner wall, means for supplying liquid to the channel, a screwstem,.a deflector screwed on the stem and arranged to form a narrow slot between itself and the body, and means for supplying an expansive fluid between the deflector and the body.

14. An atomizer comprising a body having an upwardly-opening annular channel, means for supplying liquid to the channel, means for directing an expansive fluid from the interior outward radially across the channel above the same, and detachable means for closing a portion of the channel.

15. An atomizer comprising a pipe-fitting,

hollow at its lower end fastened in the perforation of the plug and in said inner pipe-fitting and having a hole opening into said channel in the plug, a pipe fastened in said inner pipe-fitting, another pipe fastened in said outer pipe-fitting, and a deflector screwed on said stem.

16. An atomizer comprising an outer and an inner pipe-fitting; a plug in the outer pipefitting; a hollow stem extending through the plug and fastened to the inner pipe-fitting and having an outward opening from its hollow interior; and a deflector on said stem above said opening, forming with the plug, a nar row slot.

17. An atomizer provided with an annular channel and an upright stem, means for discharging a fluid across said channel; detachable means for closing a part of said channel; and a retainer fastened on said stem to hold said detachable means in place.

18. The combination of a body having a downwardly-tapering channel; means for supplying liquid to said channel; means for discharging a fluid across said channel; and a member provided with a tapering bead to close a part of said channel.

19. An atomizer comprising a body having an annular cup-forming channel in one end and a flat face adjacent the channel; a hollow stem having an opening to supply fluid, anda deflector to direct said fluid across said flat face toward and across said channel in aplane parallel with the rim thereof.

20; A channeled atomizer having a screwthreaded stem which is hollow and radially perforated, and a deflector a portion of which is circular in cross-section and which is screwed on said stem above the perforated portion and has its under face dished.

21. An outer and an inner fitting, aplug in the outer fitting, and a stem inserted through the plug and screwed into the inner fitting and having a collar abutting against the plug.

22. A body having in its top face two annular channels, the outer rim of the outer channel being slightly lower than the face between the channels; an adjustable deflector arranged to form, with said face, a narrow slot; means for supplying liquid fuel to the outer channel, and means for supplying expansive fluid to the inner channel. 1

23. A burner comprising abody having an annular cup-forming channel, the outer wall of which terminates in aplane surface, an annularly-arranged series of openings into said channel, means for supplying a liquid through said openings into said channel, means for directing an expansive fluid outward radially across said channel in a plane parallel to said terminal plane, and means for closing a. portion of said channel and adj ustably controlling the direction of the outflowing product.

In witness whereof I have signed my name- ALLAN C. RUSH.

Witnesses:

JAMES R. TOWNSEND, J ULIA' TOWNSEND. 

